Procedure:
- Blood Grouping (Both Forward and Reverse)
*Tile method is used for rapid test during emergency* - Centrifuge the plain tube.
- Take the requested unit of the relevant blood bag ( packed cell / whole blood )
And cut 1 segment from each blood bag to release small amount of the blood to different labelled test tubes.
Wash 3 times and make 5% suspension. - Fill up the recipient card, place the card together with the blood bag and put them back to the fridge if the blood is not going to be collected immediately.
- Add 100μl of patient's serum (from red-capped plain tube) and 50μl of the Donor's red blood cells into a clean test tube.
- Centrifuge for 15 seconds.
- If no agglutination occurred, add 2 drops of LISS reagent and incubate at 37°C for 15 minutes.
- Centrifuge for 15 seconds.
- If no agglutination, wash 3 times and add 2 drops of AHG reagent.
- Centrifuge for 15 seconds.
- View under microscope if agglutination is not observed visually.
Result interpretation:
- No agglutination, add ccc ( Coomb's control cell/ checkcells ) to test the reliability of AHG
*Should be have agglutination after centrifuge if the AHG reagent is valid * - Agglutination indicating the donor's blood is not compatible with the patient's body. thus the blood must not be transfused.
3 Phases
- RT (Room temperature) phase -- to test when cold antibodies can function. Eg. IgM ( Lewis....)
- LISS phase -- warm antibodies can function. Eg: 1gG ( ABO )
- AHG phase
Important Notes:
For newborn baby (less than 4 months), mother's blood/serum should be used for cross matching. Because, babies don't have antibodies yet.
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