Blood coagulation factors

Blood clotting factors

1. Factor I          - Fibrinogen
2. Factor II         - Prothrombin
3. Factor III       - Thromboplastin
4. Factor IV       - Calcium
5. Factor V         - Proaccelein, Labile Factor
6. Factor VI       - Accelerin
7. Factor VII      - Proconvertin, stable factor
8. Factor VIII     - Antihaemophilic globulin (A.H.G.)
                          - Antihaemophilic factor A (A.H.F.)
9. Factor IX        - Christmas factor,
                           - Antihaemophilic factor B,
                           - Plasma thromboplastin component ( P.T.C.) 
10. Factor X         - Stuart - power factor
11. Factor XI        - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent ( P.T.A.)
12. Factor XII       - Hageman factor
13. Factor XIII      - Fibrin stabilizing factor

Coagulation factors are activated by:

• Foreign surface
• Tissue factor
• Plasma protein factors
• Calcium ions
• Platelets

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Classic blood coagulation theory of Morawitz

Haemostatic mechanism (Haemostasis) can be divided into 2 stages: Initiation stage and Maintenance stage. 

Initiation stage
Initiation factor - prevent bleeding from wound.

• Temporary reflex nervous vasoconstriction of injured vessels.
• Clumping of platelets to plug the injured vessels.
  Those platelets will release serotonin which resulted in constriction of blood vessel adjacent to the wound.
• Tissue tension - The blood escape to the tissue space and causes swelling, thus increase the the tissue tension which further narrow down the surrounding blood vessel.

Maintenance stage

Formation of fibrin clot - involving many coagulation factors.